Overheating in transformers can arise from various factors, each posing a potential threat to the transformer’s performance and longevity.
One common cause is overloading, where the transformer operates beyond its rated capacity, leading to increased copper losses and heat generation. Inadequate cooling systems, such as malfunctioning fans or radiators, hinder the dissipation of heat and contribute to elevated temperatures. High ambient temperatures and poor ventilation can also impede the transformer’s ability to maintain optimal operating conditions. Insulation failure, resulting from factors like moisture ingress or mechanical damage, can increase core and winding losses, leading to overheating. Incorrect voltage levels, poor-quality or contaminated oil, loose electrical connections, harmonics, and aging also contribute to the risk of overheating. Regular maintenance, proper cooling, and monitoring are essential to address these issues and ensure the reliable and efficient operation of transformers in electrical power systems.